Fundamental Minerals

Sialic Minerals

• Feldspars
Feldspars minerals
Alkali Feldspars
Plagioclase

• Feldspathoids
Feldspathoids
Cancrinite
Haüyne
Leucite
Nepheline
Sodalite

• Quartz

Femic Minerals

• Amphiboles
• Biotite
• Sagenitic biotite
• Kaersutite
• Olivine
• Pyroxenes
Structure/classification
Clinopyroxene

• Spodumene

Accessory Minerals

• Apatite
• Chromite
• Ilmenite
• Magnetite
• Zircon

Rare Accessory

• Allanite
• Andalusite
• Astrophyllite
• Beryl
• Calcite
• Cancrinite
• Catapleiite
• Cordierite
• Diaspore
• Eudialyte
• Fluorite
• Garnets
• Lazulite
• Lamprophyllite
• Lorenzenite
• Monticellite
• Muscovite
• Natrolite
• Naujakasite
• Niocalite
• Perovskite
• Polylithionite
• Rosenbuschite
• Rutile
• Scapolite
• Sørensenite
• Titanite
• Topaz
• Tourmaline
• Tugtupite
• Ussingite
• Wollastonite
• Xenotime
• Zinnwaldite

Alteration Products

• Chlorite
• Saussurite
• Sericite
• Uralite
• Wairakite

Microstructures

• Antiperthite
• Exsolution lamellae
• Graphic texture
• Granophyric texture
• Magmatic flow
• Myrmekite
• Pleochroic halo
• Poikilitic texture
• Perthite
• Pseudoleucite
• Zoning

Rocks

• Alkali feldspar granite
• Alkali feldspar syenite
• Alnö complex
Alnö complex
Alnöite
Sövite

• Anorthosite
• Brandberg granites
• Borolanite
• Carbonatites
Carbonatites
Alnö (Sweden)
Fogo (C. Verde)
Sao Vicente (C. Verde)
Oka (Canada)
Sokli (Finland)
Valentine (Canada)

• Cumberlandite
• Cumulate rocks
Cumulate
Adcumulate
Orthocumulate

• Diorite
• Dunite (Dun)
• Ekerite
• Eurite
• Finero harzburgite
• Foidolite (leucite)
• Foidolite (nepheline)
• Foidolite (haüyne)
• Foyaite
• Gabbro
• Gabbro "eufodite"
• Gabbro with augite
• Gabbronorite
• Granite
• Granophyre
• Greisen
• Hornblendite
• Hornblendite (cpx-hbl)
• Hornblende gabbro
• Hornblende gabbro (Adamello)
• Ijolite
• Ijolite (Magnet Cove)
• Ilimaussaq magmatic complex
Ilimaussaq
Black kakortokite
Red kakortokite
White kakortokite
Lujavrite
Naujakasite lujavrite
Naujaite
Tugtupite syenite

• Jacupiranga complex
Jacupiranga
Sövite

• Jacupirangite (Alnö)
• Jotunite
• Italite
• Kakortokite
• Kaxtorpite
• Kentallenite
• Lakarpite
• Larvik
Larvik complex
Ekerite
Larvikite

• Lherzolite (TL)
• Leucogranite
• Lujavrite
• Lugarite
• Luxullianite
• Melilitolite
• Melilitolite (wollastonite)
• Melteigite
• Monzonite
• Monzodiorite
• Naujaite
• Nepheline syenite
• Norra Kärr complex
Norra Kärr
Kaxtorpite
Lakarpite
Pulaskite

• Norite
• Olivine hornblendite
• Oka complex
Oka complex
Niocalite carbonatite
Monticellite carbonatite

• Olivine gabbro
• Orthopyroxenite
• Pegmatite
• Pegmatite (cancrinite)
• Pegmatite (nepheline)
• Peralkaline granite
• Peridotites
Peridotites
Dunite
Wherlite
Harzburgite
Garnet lherzolite
Spinel lherzolite

• Pyroxenite
• Pulaskite
• Quartz-gabbro
• Rhum layerded complex
• Serpentinized lherzolite
• Syenite
• Synnyrite
• Syenogranite
• Sodalite syenite
• Tonalite
• Troctolite
• Urtite

Red Kakortokite

Kakortokite: a variety of agpaitic nepheline syenite displaying pronounced cumulate textures and igneous layering with a repetition of layers enriched in alkali feldspar, eudialyte and arfvedsonite. From Kakortok (now Qaqortoq), Ilímaussaq, Greenland; Ussing, 1912.

Kakortokite is a medium- to coarse-grained nepheline syenite and forms the main magmatic layered part of the intrusion in the southern part of the complex. Most of the 29 described units consist of three layers, which are named based on colour. Basal black layers of predominantly arfvedsonite are followed by red layers rich in eudialyte, then by white layers rich in nepheline and alkali-feldspar, which are generally the thickest. The layers maintain a consistent thickness throughout a unit. Although most of the units contain all three layers, some do not. Black layers have abrupt lower contacts with subjacent white layers, but typically pass gradationally upwards to red layers. The units are labelled based on their position with respect to a marker unit called zero (e.g., unit +16 is the 16th unit above the marker; unit -3 is the 3rd unit below the marker).

Schematic representation of the magmatic layering in kakortokite. Image modified from Hunt, et al., (2017).

Sample kindly given to me by James Connelly (Natural History Museum of Denmark).

The layered kakortokites from north slopes of Kangerdluarssuk.

Bibliography

• G.Markl; M.Marks; G.Schwinn e H.Sommer (2001): Phase Equilibrium Constraints on Intensive Crystallization Parameters of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland. Journal of Petrology. Num.12; vol. 42; pg: 2231–2258.
• S. Karup-Møller; J. Rose-Hansen (2013): New data on eudialyte decomposition minerals from kakortokites and associated pegmatites of the Ilimaussaq complex, South Greenland. In: Geological Society of Denmark. Bulletin, Vol. 61, 2013, p. 47-70.

Foto

Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 1x (Field of view = 9mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink), arfvedsonite (green) and interstitial feldspar (colorless) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray), arfvedsonite and interstitial feldspar crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 2x (Field of view = 7mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)
Euhedral eudyalite (high relief, pale-pink) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. PPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)	Euhedral eudyalite (gray) and arfvedsonite (green) crystals in a red kakortokite. Ilímaussaq, Greenland. XPL image, 10x (Field of view = 2mm)